{"id":465,"date":"2021-09-13T19:55:39","date_gmt":"2021-09-13T19:55:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/?p=465"},"modified":"2024-09-10T20:50:02","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T20:50:02","slug":"digital-justice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/digital-justice\/","title":{"rendered":"Digital Justice"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Big data holds promise and problems for the practice of law<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

By Christianna McCausland<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Say you conduct a search for T-shirts on Google. For weeks after, you will likely see pop-up ads for T-shirts in your social media feeds. We all know, and to some extent accept, that our digital data is gathered, scraped, sold and exchanged. Being pestered and stalked by computerized Big Brother is part of life in the 21st century. But for many people, digital profiling is serious.<\/p>

\u201cPeople have a sense that this is creepy or annoying, but the consequences for the upper and middle classes aren\u2019t as dire as they are for those experiencing poverty,\u201d says\u00a0<\/b>Michele E. Gilman<\/b><\/a>, Venable Professor of Law and director of the\u00a0Saul Ewing Civil Advocacy Clinic<\/a>\u00a0at the School of Law. \u201cThese same algorithms serve as gatekeepers to housing, credit, employment, education and healthcare, and they shape our workplaces.\u201d<\/p>

Tenant screening is one area where algorithm use is insidious. A tenant could be consistently turned down for housing due to a screening algorithm that contains inaccurate information. More alarming to Gilman is that often the algorithms that impact these decisions operate without transparency. The tenant may have no idea that the screening algorithm is the reason they have been turned down, they may not know the screening was conducted, and they will have little to no recourse against it, even if they did. Often the tenant\u2019s attorney isn\u2019t aware of the algorithms\u2019 existence either, stymying their ability to effectively advocate for the client.<\/p>

Gilman recently completed a fellowship at research organization\u00a0Data & Society<\/a>, and she published a guide for poverty lawyers on this topic,\u00a0Poverty Lawgorithms<\/i><\/a>. She notes that individuals cannot fully protect their data privacy, even if they opt out of things like social media accounts. Data collection is everywhere \u2014 in your credit score, in details you dropped into a health app that doesn\u2019t fall under HIPAA protections, and in state and federal records.<\/p>

\u201cWe don\u2019t have a comprehensive data privacy law like our counterparts in the European Union. It\u2019s fractured,\u201d she states. \u201cWe rely on notice and consent and privacy policies that you must accept to utilize a service. But notice and consent is a myth because no one reads those notices, understands them, or can negotiate their terms.\u201d<\/p>

Algorithms are problematic. They automate tasks for greater efficiency, but they are coded by humans and thus prone to bias. They can scrape data from unreliable sources or misinterpret it. Gilman notes that someone who lost their job due to the pandemic, for example, then fell behind in rent and has an eviction claim against them, could have that eviction follow them for years, even though it legally falls under pandemic protections from federal eviction moratorium mandates.<\/p>

Yet big data is not going away. If anything, society\u2019s reliance on automated decision-making is likely to increase. Algorithms make decision-making quicker, easier and cheaper.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>

\u201cWe need to raise awareness,\u201d says Gilman. \u201cAs lawyers, we need to learn to spot obstacles impacting our clients and, once you know this is happening, create a legal strategy to ameliorate the harm being done.”<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Colin Starger<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Matthew Stubenberg<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Lawyers as informed tech consumers<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

The law school tackled this issue head-on with the creation of Coding\u00a0for Lawyers, a course on how to write computer programs, and in creating its\u00a0Legal Data & Design Clinic<\/a>\u00a0(LDDC). While it may seem incongruous to have a coding course in law school,\u00a0Colin Starger<\/b><\/a>, professor of law, creator of the course and director of the LDDC, says it\u2019s essential for contemporary lawyers to be informed consumers of tech.\u00a0<\/p>

\u201cThe idea is to give lawyers and law students a deeper understanding of what can and can\u2019t be automated in law,\u201d says Starger, who this year was promoted to associate dean for academic affairs. \u201cIt\u2019s important for lawyers to have digital literacy because technology has changed, and will continue to change, how law is practiced.\u201d<\/p>

Matthew Stubenberg<\/b> is an associate director of legal technology at the\u00a0A2J Lab at Harvard Law School<\/a>\u00a0and a Baltimore Law adjunct professor who teaches the Coding for Lawyers course. For his part, Stubenberg advocates for open data if for no other reason than, \u201cthe nefarious actors have the data \u2014 the good guys should have access too.\u201d He says that while the law school course is not meant to create software developers, it\u2019s important for lawyers to have an understanding of how technology operates.\u00a0<\/p>

\u201cIf you work for a car company, you don\u2019t need to know how to build a car, but you should understand the basics,\u201d he states. \u201cLaw school is the time to delve into the technology divide, not when you\u2019re an associate at a conference table with your new tech client feeling totally overwhelmed.\u201d<\/p>

Understanding what can be automated in law is also important for students as they look at career development. Many legal tasks are headed toward automation, which could make certain lawyerly roles obsolete. Conversely, law tech is booming, creating opportunities for lawyers looking for nontraditional career paths. Lawyers who are informed about how technology operates and how it can be shaped can play a critical role in legal technology\u2019s future.\u00a0<\/p>

\u201cPeople think computers are magic, that if an algorithm says something is right, it is,\u201d says Starger. \u201cThat\u2019s not true. If you understand how [algorithms] work, you\u2019ll understand their limitations, what they\u2019re good at, what they\u2019re bad at and the dangers of asking them to do a task they\u2019re not good at. You won\u2019t get fooled by people making tall claims, and you can leverage technology for good.\u201d<\/p>

This is the double-edged sword of algorithms. Despite their flaws, they also hold the power to fuel tremendous positive change. Starger points out that because computers can quickly and efficiently analyze vast data sets, they are an effective way to spot trends, like the underpinnings of structural racism.<\/p>

\u201cUsing big data and computers, you can analyze a social or legal system so you\u2019re not just dealing in anecdotes,\u201d says Starger. \u201cEvidence-driven reform is largely facilitated by quality data from reliable sources.\u201d<\/p>

Starger saw this play out in his own work helping to end mass incarceration, which includes helping lead the law school\u2019s Pretrial Justice Clinic. He explains that two myths emerged to solve the issue: provide relief to nonviolent drug offenders and get rid of private prisons.<\/p>

\u201cBut if you look at the data, a very small percentage of the people in jail are nonviolent drug offenders. The largest single percentile of people in state prisons are there for violent offenses. Similarly private prisons, while there\u2019s much to dislike about them, are less than two to maybe five percent of the prison population,\u201d says Starger.\u00a0<\/p>

\u201cThat\u2019s important to know because if we\u2019re going to confront this crisis we need to confront our understanding of violence, the sources of it and whether our punitive response makes sense. If you didn\u2019t proceed on data, you would only be addressing the low-hanging fruit of nonviolent drug offenders as a major driver in mass incarceration.\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Using algorithms to correct injustice<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Starger explains how data has also scored victories in his law clinic work. The Pretrial Justice Clinic, as part of a coalition, was able to change rules to end unaffordable money bails. In a recent legislative session, the Legal Data & Design Clinic<\/a> submitted testimony in favor of ending the practice of suspending drivers\u2019 licenses as a punishment for unpaid traffic violations. In both cases, data indicating these rules\u2019 disproportionate impacts on low-income people of color played a key role.<\/p>\n

A striking example of data\u2019s ability to move the dial on social justice issues can be found in Stubenberg\u2019s Maryland Expungement website<\/a>. He built the site in 2015, assuming it would be useful for self-represented users looking to clear their records, but attorneys constitute the bulk of the site\u2019s traffic.  <\/p>\n

\u201cThe process of expungement is fairly straightforward, but you need to understand eligibility, and there are a lot of forms \u2014it\u2019s a very time-consuming process,\u201d says Stubenberg. \u201cThe way the site works is, you type in a case number and a scraper on the back end pulls the information back to the site, runs it through an algorithm to determine if it\u2019s eligible, and then populates all the forms.\u201d<\/p>\n

The site took a tedious process and greatly expedited it. To date, more than 118,091 expungements have been executed via the site. <\/p>\n

Stubenberg concedes that algorithms have the potential to make problems worse, but he also believes they can make them go away. For example, algorithms are often cited by critics as biased, but Stubenberg believes they have the power to remove bias. Take, for example, judges at sentencing. <\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s already a bias in [judges] \u2014 or it may not even be theirs because they\u2019re dealing with the information fed to them by the prosecutor, police and defense attorneys,\u201d he says. <\/p>\n

Not only is that bias hard to measure, he explains, it is time-consuming, expensive and often ineffective to correct. <\/p>\n

\u201cBut if you have an algorithm and you measure that bias, you can tweak that algorithm until it\u2019s more fair,\u201d he continues. \u201cThat creates a more equal playing field than if you\u2019re dealing with one judge or police officer who was just having a bad day.\u201d<\/p>\n

 <\/div>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Systemic reform is a place where Gilman feels data can play a positive role. She was encouraged by the move in the last Maryland legislative session for non-conviction criminal records to be automatically expunged. Those arrests, even without a conviction, can haunt an individual as they try to gain housing and employment. She would like to see the expansion of eviction expungement so tenant screening companies can\u2019t scrape that data. This sort of large-scale law reform is more effective than tackling cases one at a time.\u00a0<\/p>

\u201cTo really solve systemic harm, you need a systemic solution,\u201d says Gilman. \u201cThere\u2019s so much we could do around housing records, coerced debt \u2026 there are so many areas where we could nip this at the source, rather than trying to fix it after the individual has been harmed.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>

Systemic reform will also need to be holistic, as numerous algorithms might impact a lawyer\u2019s client. A housing lawyer helping in a landlord-tenant case might have a client who is also being harmed by an employment algorithm, or an inaccurate credit score. Big data is taking law outside its traditional siloes.\u00a0<\/p>

Law students today are digital natives. While they don\u2019t need to be software developers to succeed in a technology-driven world, their awareness and intuitive connection with technology can benefit the future of digital justice.<\/p>

\u201cA lot of lawyers feel they lack the technical expertise to challenge a computer,\u201d says Gilman. \u201cWe want people to have a healthy skepticism of computer-generated outcomes and give them to the confidence to do this work.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Christianna McCausland<\/strong> is a writer based in Baltimore.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Share this story with your network:<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tShare on facebook<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFacebook\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tShare on twitter<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTwitter\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tShare on linkedin<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLinkedIn\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tShare on email<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEmail\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Big data holds promise and problems for the practice of law By Christianna McCausland Say you conduct a search for T-shirts on Google. For weeks after, you will likely see pop-up ads for T-shirts in your social media feeds. We all know, and to some extent accept, that our digital data is gathered, scraped, sold […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1244,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/465"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1244"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=465"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/465\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":999,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/465\/revisions\/999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.ubalt.edu\/lawmag\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}